Carnatic raga
A vakra raga with a lilting, romantic flavour.
Your guide to Kanada
New to classical music — moods, stories, film songs and simple listening.
Press play to hear the notes of Kanada, rising then falling.
Shringara. Traditionally heard at night.
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Think of a raga as more than a scale: a set of rules and a personality. Kanada has its own notes, its own favourite phrases, its own time of day and its own mood, the way a person has a recognisable voice and way of talking.
Kanada sounds soft and wistful, in a mood closer to a Western minor key. Its emotional colour is love and beauty, sometimes the sweet ache of missing someone. Traditionally it is traditionally performed in the night, because Indian musicians believe each raga matches the feeling of a certain hour or season.
A vakra raga with a lilting, romantic flavour. The beauty of Kanada comes from patience: a good performer doesn't rush through the scale but lingers, bending into notes and letting each phrase breathe, so the mood builds slowly until it fills the room.
Listening exercise: Try this: press "Full scale" above, then open one of the recordings below. In the first few minutes, see if you can hear the melody circling back to Sa. Once you catch it, you've started to recognise Kanada.
Kanada is a janya (derived) raga, drawing its notes from its parent melakarta. Janya ragas often existed long before the melakarta system and were later fitted into it.
The Carnatic Trinity of the 18th–19th centuries (Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar and Syama Sastri) gave lasting shape to most popular ragas through their compositions. Their kritis remain the standard reference for how each raga should move.
Looking for more history…
Arohana (ascent) · 6 notes
S R2 G2 M1 D2 N2 S
Avarohana (descent) · 6 notes
S N2 P M1 G2 M1 R2 S
Synthesised with Sa = A3. A real performance uses gamakas, meends and phrasing that a bare scale can't capture.
| Swara | Interval from Sa | Western (Sa = C) |
|---|---|---|
| Shadjam | Unison | C |
| Chatushruti Rishabham (R2) / Shuddha Gandharam (G1) | Major 2nd | D |
| Shatshruti Rishabham (R3) / Sadharana Gandharam (G2) | Minor 3rd | D# |
| Shuddha Madhyamam (M1) | Perfect 4th | F |
| Panchamam | Perfect 5th | G |
| Chatushruti Dhaivatam (D2) / Shuddha Nishadam (N1) | Major 6th | A |
| Shatshruti Dhaivatam (D3) / Kaishiki Nishadam (N2) | Minor 7th | A# |
Jati (Shadava–Shadava). The ascent uses 6 distinct notes and the descent 6. Audava = 5, Shadava = 6, Sampurna = 7.
Vakra (zig-zag) movement. The scale doubles back on itself, so phrases have to follow its characteristic turns, not run straight up or down.
Parent scale. Melakarta 22 sits in chakra 4 of 12 and uses shuddha madhyamam (M1). Kanada is a janya (derived) raga, drawing its notes from this parent.
Time (Night). Sung during the night prahars (roughly 9 PM–3 AM). Night ragas often stress the upper tetrachord (uttaranga).
Shringara
Romance and beauty, including love in union (sambhoga) and longing in separation (viraha).
Each link opens a YouTube or Spotify search for this raga by the instrument or artist.
These ragas use exactly the same notes, though their phrasing and ornaments differ.
Same notes, but a different character because of emphasis, movement and phrasing.
Kanada is associated with: Night.
Ragas that sound most like Kanada, and how to tell them apart.
No well-known Hindi film song is confidently attributed to this raga yet.
No regional film song is confidently attributed to this raga yet.
Film songs often take liberties with a raga, so treat these as "based on" rather than strict renditions.
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Notation: Hindustani komal notes are lowercase (r g d n), M# = tivra Ma, ' = upper octave. Carnatic numbers mark swara variants (R1, G3, …).